位於中國和俄羅斯中間的東亞國家，是僅次於哈薩克的世界第二大內陸國。1924年在俄羅斯支持下從當時的中華民國獨立出來，成為世界上第二個社會主義國家。1990年爆發革命，轉型為目前的民主共和國。長期夾在中俄之間，外交上採第三鄰國政策，希望在俄、中之外尋求外交空間，但存在感低。加入一帶一路後大量中國移工湧入，現在國內反中情緒高昂。國土被草原覆蓋，可耕地少，是全世界人口密度最低的主權國家。

Year Founded: 1924

Nestled between China and Russia in East Asia, Mongolia is the second largest landlocked state in the world after Kazakhstan. 

In 1924, it became the second socialist country in the world when it gained independence after secession from the Republic of China with the support of Russia. A revolution broke out in 1990 and transformed Mongolia into the current democratic republic. 

Sandwiched between China and Russia for a long time, Mongolia adopts the third neighbor foreign policy as a way to seek more diplomatic space beyond China and Russia but still has a weak international presence. Its signing up for the Belt and Road Initiative led to the influx of Chinese migrant workers and the country is now experiencing a huge surge of anti-China sentiment. 

The country’s territory is covered by grassland with little tillable land. It is a sovereign state with the lowest population density in the world.