簡稱波赫，由塞爾維亞人、克羅埃西亞人和波士尼亞人組成。原為南斯拉夫聯邦成員，1992年獨立，但過程中爆發波士尼亞戰爭，以及慘絕人寰的雪布尼查大屠殺。戰爭結束後，境內分成兩個政治實體，波赫聯邦和賽族共和國。為求公平，政府領袖需由三個民族輪流擔任。目前正從計劃經濟轉型為市場經濟，人均GDP逐年緩步成長。

Year Founded: 1992

Abbreviated B&H, the country’s population consists of Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats. It was a former member of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and became independent in 1992. However, following the declaration of independence, the Bosnian War broke out and the atrocity of the Srebrenica massacre took place. After the war, the country was divided into two entities: the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska. To ensure fairness, members of the three ethnic groups take turns holding the government leadership position. The state is currently preparing to transition from a planned economy to a market economy as its GDP per capita grows slowly year by year.