成立時間/1961年
成員數量/
OPEC：13國
OPEC+：10國

秘書長（國籍）/
穆罕默德·巴爾金都Mohammad Barkindo（奈及利亞）
任期/ 2016.8.1上任，改選日期未定

1960年代，委內瑞拉和4個中東國家為了對抗歐美石油公司的壟斷和維護本國石油的收益，共同創立OPEC。使命為團結會員國，避免因惡性競爭而導致油價下跌，破壞共同利益。共同掌握全球超過四成的石油產量，因此該組織的決議往往造成全球油價波動，有時也會被用於達成政治目的。1973年阿拉伯成員國為了報復西方國家對以色列的支持，對美國、日本及歐洲各國實施石油禁運，引發第一次石油危機，台灣亦受波及。
近年因全球越來越多國家投入石油開採，除OPEC本身增加到13個成員國外，俄羅斯聯合另外9個非OPEC的石油輸出國，和OPEC磋商減產協議的機制，被稱為OPEC+。2020年就因為俄羅斯和沙烏地阿拉伯減產談不攏，導致全球油價大跌，原油期貨一度跌到負值。美國石油產量雖是全球第一，但不是OPEC成員國，也沒有加入OPEC+。

Year of Establishment: 1961

In the 1960s, to defend its own petroleum interests against the monopoly of European and American petroleum corporations, Venezuela and four other Middle East countries formed OPEC. The mission of OPEC is to unite member countries and stem oil price cuts ,caused by vicious competition, undermining their common interests. OPEC has control over 40% of global oil production. Its decisions often rock the global oil price and sometimes this has been used for political ends. In 1973, to retaliate against Western countries for supporting Israel, OPEC imposed an embargo against the U.S., Japan and European countries, sparking off the first oil crisis, and Taiwan was not spared from its ramifications. 

As more and more countries across the globe have started petroleum extraction, OPEC membership has grown to 13 member states. Russia enlisted other non-OPEC oil exporting countries to cooperate with OPEC to fix global crude oil prices and negotiate production cut deals. The group is referred to as OPEC+. In 2020, the global oil price plummeted and crude oil future prices turned negative as the result of a production cut disagreement between Russia and Saudi Arabia. Although the United States is one of the world’s largest oil producers, it is not a member of OPEC and has not joined OPEC+.