位於地中海東岸，是世界最古老文明發源地之一，但近代飽受戰爭所苦。人口大約有七成是伊斯蘭教遜尼派，但掌權的阿薩德是什葉派，且在國內進行高壓統治，於是2011年爆發敘利亞內戰，目前約有三分之一國土由反政府軍控制。敘利亞長期和以色列爭搶戈蘭高地主權，該領土目前由以色列實質控制。經過連年戰爭，國內斷垣殘壁，半數人民居無定所。無論是國際貨幣基金和世界銀行網站，都查不到該國2010年後的資料。2021年5月，阿薩德再次以95%支持率高票連任，將展開下一個7年任期。

Year Founded: 1946

Situated on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean sea, Syria is the cradle of one of the most ancient civilizations in the world, but the country has suffered from conflicts in the modern era. 70% of the population are Sunni, while its leading politician in power, Bashar Al-Assad, belongs to the Shia faction. His repressive regime triggered the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011 and one third of the country is now in the hands of opposition rebel armies. Syria has been fighting with Israel over the sovereignty of the Golan Heights as the latter has currently seized de facto control over the territory. Years of war left the country in ruins with half of the population displaced. Data about Syria after 2010 is not available on the website of the International Monetary Fund nor that of the World Bank. Bashar Al-Assad was re-elected again as president in May, 2021 winning 95% of the vote, and started his second seven-year term.