位於加勒比地區，掌握巴拿馬運河與美國東岸之間的海路要道，被形容為墨西哥灣的鑰匙。1953年爆發古巴革命，由卡斯楚兄弟和切·格瓦拉推翻美國扶持的獨裁政權，並建立現在美洲唯一的社會主義國家，從此和美國關係進入冰點。在美國長期經濟封鎖下，古巴像被時光機凍結，人民生活困苦。但醫療水準相當高，古巴醫生馳援全球，成了另類外交方法。勞爾卡斯楚於2021年4月退休，古巴將迎來後卡斯楚時代。

Year Founded: 1959

Cuba sits between North and Central America in the Caribbean and is considered the “Key to the Gulf of Mexico.” In 1953, the Cuban Revolution broke out. The Castro brothers and Che Guevara overthrew the U.S.-backed dictatorship and established the only socialist country in the Americas, and Cuba has had a long and troubled relationship with the US since. Due to long-term economic sanctions by the US, Cuba is a country frozen in time and people are stuck in poverty. However, Cuba has a sound medical system and Cuban doctors are active all over the world, resulting in the unique Cuban medical diplomacy. Cuba is poised to enter the post-Castro era with Raul Castro’s retirement in April 2021.