位於阿拉伯半島東南沿海，為君主專制國家，蘇丹兼任內閣首相和國防、外交和財政部長。經過上一任蘇丹喀布斯的改革，國家從經濟欠佳的沙漠王國轉為高收入經濟體。2019年石油和相關產業佔總出口值65.5%，但近年油價下跌，影響國家收入，新任蘇丹推行一系列政策，例如開始收5% 的增值稅、減少補助金、降低退休年齡等，同時削減政府預算。雖引發小規模抗議，但蘇丹地位尚不至於動搖，是海灣國家裏頭政局相較穩定的一個。

Year Founded: 1970

Situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, Oman is an absolute monarchy with its sultan serving as the prime minister and minister of Defense, Foreign Affairs and Finance at the same time. After the reform led by former Sultan, Qaboos bin Said al Said, the state has transformed from an economically underdeveloped desert kingdom to a high-income economy. In 2019, oil and other associated industries accounted for 65.5% of the total value of exports. Recent oil price cuts took a toll on Oman’s national income. The new Sultan released a series of policies, such as levying a 5% additional value added tax, reduction of subsidies, lowering the threshold for retirement age and cutting back on the government budget. Despite small scale protests in the wake of these measures, the Sultan still has a firm grasp on the throne. The state enjoys relative political stability among Gulf countries.