2023國際觀察曆
國際觀察曆日期
07/05 星期三・農曆五月 十八
西歐 區域介紹 區域介紹
#天然氣 #歐盟 #歐洲整合 #人均GDP最高區域
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介紹

去年的國際觀察曆用「有權又有錢」形容西歐,今年恐怕就沒那麼chill了。西歐國家好不容易擺脫COVID-19,開放邊界、觀光業復甦。然而這一切都在2022年2月24日變調了。西歐各國原本高度仰賴俄羅斯天然氣,俄烏戰爭發生後遂成為能源危機的第一波受害者。各國開始尋找各種解法:核能、燃煤、跟非洲簽約。以前沒想到(或不敢用)的,現在都成了解決辦法。
即便面對俄羅斯可能停止供應天然氣的威脅,許多西歐國家仍相當支持烏克蘭。盧森堡、列支敦斯登等富裕小國提供大量援助;德國、法國陸續提供軍武,並增加在北約的部隊人數。就連永久中立國瑞士都加入制裁俄羅斯的行列。西歐國家對內要克服內政上的挑戰,對外則要調派資源幫助鄰國,就看各國政府如何應對了。

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2022介紹
接下來要介紹的西歐,大概可以用「有權又有錢」來形容。九個西歐國家當中,有全球第四大經濟體德國、有人均GDP排名全球一二名的盧森堡和瑞士,還有軍武規模全球第七大的法國。身為歐盟決策核心的德國和法國,很大程度決定了歐洲走向。另外我們也常在電視上看到各國領袖選在瑞士或奧地利見面,因為這兩國是國際知名的永久中立國。 然而有錢人也是有煩惱的。西歐國家的極右派崛起,對歐洲整合構成挑戰;不斷湧入的難民加深種族之間的嫌隙;到底是要親中還是親美的選擇難題。西歐曾在二戰戰火下化為人間煉獄,現在則努力擺脫慘痛歷史,盼團結歐洲,重新站回全球峰頂。

Western Europe, the region we are about to introduce, can probably be described as rich and powerful. 

Among the nine Western European countries, there are Germany, the fourth largest economy in the world, Luxembourg and Switzerland with their GDP per capita ranking the world's first and second, as well as France, whose military strength is ranked 7th in the world. Germany and France, as the core decision makers in the European Union, dictate the development of Europe to a great extent. Also, we often see on TV that Switzerland and Austria are the selected meeting destinations for state leaders as the two are internationally well-known permanently neutral countries. 

However, being rich does not exempt one from troubles. The rise of far-right groups in Western European countries challenges European integration. The nonstop influx of refugees has been driving a wedge between races. And there is the dilemma over choosing to side with the U.S. or China. Once a purgatory during WWII, Western European countries have worked hard to put behind them their miserable past and united the continent to regain global leadership status.