土庫曼共和國
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2022 華語
2022 英語
2022 台語
原蘇聯加盟國之一，獨立以來國家長期處於獨裁專制狀態，其民主指數在全球排名倒數第7，只比北韓好一點點，新聞自由排名也是全球倒數。儘管是世界第6大天然氣儲量國，但在專制且獨裁的政權之下，土庫曼完全沒有在天然氣價格飆升的2022年討到好處。2022年上任的新總統塞達爾‧別迪穆罕默多夫延續父親的作風，外交上和俄羅斯維持緊密關係，並選擇俄羅斯作為國際舞台的第一站，而土庫曼也成為普丁在入侵烏克蘭後第一批造訪的國家之一。和伊朗關係良好，是伊朗的天然氣供應國，雖然這樣似乎有違美國的伊朗制裁。另外也與中國持續討論一條連接土庫曼、阿富汗、巴基斯坦，一直到印度的天然氣管線。2021年11月才正式申請加入世界貿易組織(WTO)，是中亞五國裡最後提交申請的國家。
看2022Year Founded: 1991
Formerly one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union, Turkmenistan became the first (and the only) permanently neutral state in Asia. Over 80% of its land is covered by desert and the population of Turkmenistan is concentrated in areas where rivers converge. Since its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, Turkmenistan has had only seen two presidents, each serving 15 years. Their dictatorial rule went hand in hand with a cult personality. The incumbent president, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, once issued a nationwide white-car-only policy. In 2021, when his father passed away, he even ordered government officials and executives across the nation to shave their heads as a gesture of mourning. Turkmenistan has the lowest rating on the global press freedom index, even lower than that of North Korea.
